Blood & Immune
Also called WM, Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma, Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia
Waldenström Macroglobulinemia is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma arising from malignant B-lymphocytes (specifically, lymphoplasmacytic cells) that produce large quantities of monoclonal IgM, a high-molecular-weight immunoglobulin. The buildup of this protein in the blood causes hyperviscosity syndrome, which can lead to serious complications including vision loss, neurological symptoms, and bleeding.
Waldenström Macroglobulinemia typically affects older adults, with median age of diagnosis around 68 years, though cases can occur at younger ages. It affects males more frequently than females, with a male-to-female ratio of approximately 2:1. The disease occurs across all racial and ethnic groups, though it is more common in Caucasians. About 20% of cases are familial, indicating a genetic predisposition.
Multiple clinical trials are exploring novel therapeutic approaches for Waldenström Macroglobulinemia, including targeted inhibitors of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), BCL-2 inhibitors, proteasome inhibitors, and immunotherapeutic approaches. Trials are also investigating combinations of therapies and personalized treatment approaches based on MYD88 mutation status. Watch-and-wait strategies are appropriate for asymptomatic patients, while symptomatic disease requires intervention. Patients should consult with their hematologist or hematologic malignancy specialist regarding trial eligibility and participation.
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